CONTENTS

FOREWORD iii

PREFACE     V

UNIT VI

REPRODUCTION 1-66

Chapter 1 : Reproduction in Organisms 3
Chapter 2 : Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants 19
Chapter 3 : Human Reproduction 42
Chapter 4 : Reproductive Health 57

UNIT VII

GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 67-142

Chapter 5 : Principles of Inheritance and Variation 69
Chapter 6 : Molecular Basis of Inheritance 95
Chapter 7 : Evolution 126

UNIT VIII

BIOLOGY IN HUMAN WELFARE 143-190

Chapter 8 : Human Health and Disease 145
Chapter 9 : Strategies for Enhancement in 165
 Food Production
Chapter 10 : Microbes in Human Welfare 179

UNIT IX

BIOTECHNOLOGY 191-216

Chapter 11 : Biotechnology : Principles and Processes 193
Chapter 12 : Biotechnology and its Applications 207

UNIT X

ECOLOGY 217-286

Chapter 13 : Organisms and Populations 219
Chapter 14 : Ecosystem 241
Chapter 15 : Biodiversity and Conservation 258
Chapter 16 : Environmental Issues 270

Courtesy: ncert.nic.in

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