Contents

Foreword iii

Chapter 1 Querying and SQL Functions 1

• 1.1 Introduction 1
• 1.2 Functions in SQL 4
• 1.3 GROUP BY in SQL 14
• 1.4 Operations on Relations 16
• 1.5 Using Two Relations in a Query 19

Chapter 2 Data Handling using Pandas - I 27

• 2.1 Introduction to Python Libraries 27
• 2.2 Series 29
• 2.3 DataFrame 40
• 2.4 Importing and Exporting Data between CSV Files and DataFrames 55
• 2.5 Pandas Series Vs NumPy ndarray 57

Chapter 3 Data Handling using Pandas - II 63

• 3.1 Introduction 63
• 3.2 Descriptive Statistics 65
• 3.3 Data Aggregations 75
• 3.4 Sorting a DataFrame 77
• 3.5 Group by Functions 79
• 3.6 Altering the Index 82
• 3.7 Other DataFrame Operations 84
• 3.8 Handling Missing Values 89
• 3.9 Import and Export of Data between Pandas and MySQL 98

Chapter 4 Plotting Data using Matplotlib 105

• 4.1 Introduction 105
• 4.2 Plotting using Matplotlib 106
• 4.3 Customisation of Plots 108
• 4.4 The Pandas Plot Function (Pandas Visualisation) 112

Chapter 5 Internet and Web 137

• 5.1 Introduction to Computer Networks 137
• 5.2 Types of Networks 139
• 5.3 Network Devices 142
• 5.4 Networking Topologies 146
• 5.5 The Internet 148
• 5.6 Applications of Internet 149
• 5.7 Website 153
• 5.8 Web Page 154
• 5.9 Web Server 156
• 5.10 Hosting of a Website 157
• 5.11 Browser 158

Chapter 6 Societal Impacts 167

• 6.1 Introduction 167
• 6.2 Digital Footprints 168
• 6.3 Digital Society and Netizen 169
• 6.4 Data Protection 174
• 6.5 Creative Commons 178
• 6.6 Cyber Crime 179
• 6.7 Indian Information Technology Act (IT Act) 182
• 6.8 E-waste: Hazards and Management 183
• 6.9 Impact on Health 186

Chapter 7 Project Based Learning 195

• 7.1 Introduction 195
• 7.2 Approaches for Solving Projects 196
• 7.3 Teamwork 197
• 7.4 Project Descriptions 199

Courtesy: ncert.nic.in

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