Important Questions CBSE Class 10th : Social Science Year 2009 (Solved)
(Social Development And Concerned Issues)

Question .1. Name the new problems that are being faced by the world today?
Answer : The new problems faced by the world today are:-
(i) Energy crisis.
(ii) Environmental pollution.
(iii) Technology transfer.
(iv) Ozone layer depletion.
(v) Procurement of raw materials.
(vi) Consumerism and world market.
(vii) Growth of information technology.

Question .2. What are the important subjects to state concerns?
Answer : (i) Population control.
(ii) Alleviation of poverty.
(iii) Eradication of illiteracy.
(iv) Health and family welfare.
(v) Sustainable resource utilization.

Question .3. Explain the problem of child abuse?
Answer : Any deliberate act which is not an accident, causing mental or physical injury or harm to child, is said to be child abuse. Its negative effect may be at psychological or physical level. It also include threat and physical punishment given to the child by his/her parent /teacher. Generally child abuse is of physical, sexual or emotional nature.

Question .4. What is meant by social development?
Answer : Social development means improving the overall quality of life, human relations and living conditions of all individual and social groups.The interest of both individual and society are protected with the mixed pattern of economy which stands for the co-existence of both private and public sectors. The Indian model of social development is based on socialist as well as democratic pattern.

Question .5. Why is social development necessary?
Answer : Necessity of social development:-
(i) To improve the standard of living of the people and open new opportunities for a richer life.
(ii) To improve the quality of life by providing basic services like education, health, nutrition, etc.
(iii) To improve the lot of the most exploited section of the society like the woman and society.
(iv) To care for the aged and disabled people of the society.
(v) To improve the standard of living of the lot of the S.C., S.T. and other backward section of the society.

Question .6. What is meant by legal literacy?
Answer : Legal literacy stands for legal education. It is just a knowledge of law and awareness of the countries political set up, constitutional and legal rights, our action and social behaviors that amounts to crime and punishment under law.

Question .7. What are the old age problems?
Answer : Previously old people were held in high esteem in the society but due to disintegration of joint family, changes in social values, industrialization, impact of western culture the situation has greatly changed. Now the aged have begun to be treated as ‘unwanted’ and suffer from various social, economic and psychological problems. As a result of old age, there is decrease in physical and mental health and is neglected due to emerging of nuclear or single family and lack of finance. Due to this the old people feel lonely and neglected and there is need to take care of them and think of different welfare measures for them.

Question .8. List the various fundamental rights of citizens outlined by the Constitution of India?
Answer : The fundamental rights of citizens outlined by the Constitution of India are:-
(i) Right to Equality.
(ii) Right to Freedom.
(iii) Right against Exploitation.
(iv) Right to Freedom of religion.
(v) Cultural and Educational Rights.
(vi) Right to Constitutional Remedies.

Question .9. Discuss corruption as a social evil and mention various measures taken by the governments of India to check it?
Answer : Corruption means widespread moral deterioration or adopting dishonest means like bribery, fraud etc for fulfilling personal ends.Corruption in public life has reached an alarming stage and has emerged globally as a sensitive issue. Measures taken by the government to check corruption are:-
(i) The Prevention of Corruption Act 1988 was passed. According to this Act the acts of bribery, misappropriation, obtaining pecuniary advantages, abusing official position, possessing assets disproportionate to income etc are offence and is punishable under law.
(ii) The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) was set up in 1964 to look into the complaints of corruption against public servants. The CVC released a ‘Citizen Guide’ prescribing some do’s and don’s for the citizens.
(iii) The government has appointed more than two dozen commission on corruption of politicians and public companies.

Question .10. How has the Constitution of India helped in social development of the country?
Answer : During British rule, very little was done for the socio-economic development of India and we remained backward in this field.At the time of framing Indian Constitution, framers incorporated a number of provisions in the Constitution to effect socio-economic change in the society. Preamble of our Constitution assures social, economic, political justice to the people and the Directive Principles commit the nation to be a welfare state. The interest of individual and state are protected with the mixed pattern of economy which stands for the co-existence of both public and private sectors.The Planning Commission of India is trying to improve the quality of life by providing adequate access to the basic services like education, health, nutrition, family welfare,drinking water, sanitation and rural development.People have been assigned role for the implementation of the plans through the local bodies i.e. Panchayat and Nagar Palikas.Thus, we can say that Constitution of India has greatly helped in the socio-economic development of our country.

Question .11. Define corruption?
Answer : Widespread moral deterioration or adopting dishonest means like bribery, fraud etc for fulfilling personal ends. Corruption is in the government officials, political and bureaucratic offices and can be petty or grand, organized or unorganized. It is both endemic or epidemic disease. It breeds out of dishonesty and illegal behavior of the person who misuse their official position and authority. Due to corruption investment is deterred, economic growth is prevented etc.

Question .12. Enumerates the various rights of child for children’s survival, development and welfare recommended by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1992?
Answer : Right of child are:-
(i) The child’s inherent rights of life.
(ii) The right of a child to education.
(iii) The right of a child to the enjoyment.
(iv) The child’s right of free expression.
(v) Protection of child from all forms of physical or mental violence.
(vi) The right of a child to social security.
(vii) The child’s right to be cared by his/her parents.

Question .13. Write a note on child labour and its exploitation?
Answer : Labourers below the age of 14 years of age are called child labourers. The largest number of child labour in the world are in India.A number of small children are working in dhaba, small restaurants, eating places, helpers or cleaners in buses, livestock, forestry, fishery, domestic help. Child labourers are an exploited community. They have to work for long hours in hazardous working conditions and less wages. They are devoid of education, recreation, leisure, love and care and childhood. The reason for this is poverty only. They work for their family and for their survival. The Constitution of India has made some provisions for the protection and development of children:-
(i) Child under the age of 14 years shall not be employed to work in any factory or in any hazardous employment.
(ii) Childhood and youth are to be protected against exploitation.
(iii) State shall have to provide elementary education to all children till they attain the age of 14 years.

Question .14. Mention different types of disabilities. Name different legislation enacted in India, which take care of the disabled?
Answer : A person who suffers from physical deformities or mental in-capabilities, either by birth or accident, is called disabled person.There are two types of disabilities: physical and mental.The physical disability includes deaf, dumb, blind and orthopedically handicapped and mental includes mental retardation or illness, autism and cerebral palsy.The legislations in India dealing with the interests of the disabled are:-
(i) The Rehabilitation Council of India, Act 1992 (RCI) – This gives statutory status to the Rehabilitation Council.
(ii) The Person with Disability Act, 1995 (PWD) – This takes holistic view of the disable and provides:-
(a) 3% reservation in government job.
(b) Free education till the age of 18 years.
(c) Preferential allotment of land at concessional rates to construct house and set up business.
(d) Establishment of special employment exchange, insurance policy and unemployment allowances.
(e) Appointment of Chief Commissioner to take steps to safeguard right and facilities of disabled.
(iii) The National Trust for the Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act,1999 – Set up trust to strengthen family guardianship for those suffering from autism, cerebral palsy, mental retardation and multiple disabilities. It look after the disabled with no family support.

Question .15. How does corruption obstruct the development of a country?
Answer : The corruption has:(i) Retarded all round development of the country and given bad name in the world.
(ii) Greatly degenerated the human character and blasted moral values.
(iii) Adversely affected the administrative ability and brought about indiscipline, lethargy and nepotism.
(iv) Increased hoarding, black marketing and smuggling.
(v) Many a time d-established government at the centre and in the state.
(vi) Reduced the respect and credibility of politicians and bureaucrats.
(vii) Made the life of the common people miserable.