ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

PART I (20 Marks)

(Answer all questions.)

Question 1  [10x2]

(i) What is eco-feminism? Who coined the term eco-feminism?
(ii) What kind of life strategy is adopted when the organisms choose to live on in an environment that is unstable? Give any two characteristics of these organisms.
(iii) Give any two examples of ex-situ conservation. List any two disadvantages of this method.
(iv) What is mixed farming? Give any two advantages of mixed farming.
(v) Give any two features of new urbanism.
(vi) Give any two causes for excessive vehicular pollution.
(vii) Name any two objectives of the Basel Convention.
(viii) Give any two disadvantages of the more sophisticated micro-irrigation systems.
(ix) Explain in brief the basic principle underlying the physical accounting systems.
(x) Give the full forms of:
(a) AOA
(b) TRIMS

PART II (50 Marks)

(Answer five questions in all, choosing at least one question from each of the Sections A, B, and C.)

SECTION A

Question 2

(a) State Malthus’ Theory of Population. Explain the two ways by which the population is kept under check. Give two reasons why Malthus’ Theory has been criticized. [6]
(b) Discuss how empowerment of women affects population growth. [4]

Question 3

(a) Write a short note on WWF. [6]
(b) Discuss any two achievements and any two failures of the Project Tiger. [4]

Question 4

(a) What is sustainable development? Where was the term first used? Explain any three basic principles of sustainable development. [6]
(b) What is meant by demographic transition? Explain the first three stages of demographic transition. [4]

SECTION B

Question 5

(a) What are the three basic principles of Green Revolution? Discuss any three problems arising from Green Revolution. [6]
(b) Discuss any four features of the Food Security Law 2013. [4]\

Question 6

(a) Discuss any six ways in which migration affects rural and urban areas. [6]
(b) Explain how Curitiba is different from most other cities in the world. [4]

Question 7

(a) Give the full form of DEWATS. What are the four systems on which the working of the DEWATS is based? Give any two advantages of DEWATS. [6]
(b) Discuss in detail any four techniques by which the fertility of the soil can be maintained [4]

SECTION C

Question 8

(a) Discuss any three ways of classifying natural resources. Support your answer with suitable examples. [6]
(b) Explain in detail the classification of eco-system services. [4]

Question 9

(a) What is GDP? Give any four advantages and disadvantages of GDP. [6]
(b) What is protectionism? Give two disadvantages of protectionism. [4]

Question 10

(a) What is free trade? Discuss its advantages and disadvantages. [6]
(b) What are the ill effects of ozone layer depletion? [4]

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