Political Science

Aims and Objectives: We are living in the era of Democracy and today’s youth/students are the citizens of tomorrow. Hence the students must be aware of the basic principles of democracy and process of its implementation on the basis of Constitution. The main objects of this syllabus is to inspire the student to be aware of today’s political systems and also forth coming problems. He should also be aware to be a good citizen. To keep this spirit and notion in mind we have designed a course for the student of Class (XI and XII).

Thruogh this study program:- We would like to give insight to students

• To acquaint with the Indian concept of the evaluation of state.
• To study the basic spirit of, constitution and its impact.
• To study the basic provisions of the constitution, nature of the constitution of structure and functions of government and their comparative study
• To respect constitutional values and generate commitment to them.
• To inspire student to understand contemporary changes and act accordingly.
• To study and analyses political systems of other countries on the basis of acquired knowledge and develop rationality.
• To study the functions of local institutions and indentify their own role.
• To understand the emerging contemporary global issues and their impact and prepare accordingly.
• To generate/develop a global view.

1. Development of Political thoughts

• Development of political thoughts in India
• Development of western political thoughts
• Meaning, Defination and scope of Political Science.
• Significance and Importance of study of Political Science.
• Basic concepts of political science.
• Liberty
• Equality
• Social Justice Need, Meaning, Definition and Importance
• Role of the constitution in the implementation of Social Justice.

2. STATE

• Meaning and Definition
• Essential elements of State and its Characteristics
• Functions of State- Essential and optional
• Significance of State – Concept of welfare state.

3. CITIZENSHIP

• Meaning and Definition, Conditions to acquire and to loose citizenship
• Civil Rights – Meaning kinds and Importance.
• Civil duties – Moral, Political and Legal.
• Concept of Human Rights.

4. CONSTITUTION

• Meaning and Definition
• Types of constitution and importance

5. FORMS OF GOVERNMENT

(1) Unitary and Federal System (Meaning, Definition and Characteristics)
(2) Presidential and Parliamentary System (Meaning, Definition and Characteristics)

6. INDIAN POLITICAL SYSTEM

• Legislature
  (A) Central legislature Organisation and Powers (in short)
  (B) State Legislature Organisation and Powers (in short)
• Executive
  (A) Central executive Organisation and Powers (in short)
  (B) State executive Organisation and Powers (in short)
• Judiciary
  (A) Supreme Court Organisation and jurisdiction (in short)
  (B) High Court Organisation and jurisdiction (in short)
  (C) Conditions of independent judiciary
• Bureaucracy Definition, Merits and Demerits (in short)

7. LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT

• Necessity
• Urban Administration
  (A) Municipal corporation, (Organisation functions and source of income) –
  (B) Municipalities (Organization functions and source of income)
• Rural Administration
  (Three tier panchayati Raj System based on 73rd Constitutional Amendment with reference to Madhya Pradesh.
  (A) Gram Panchayat, (B) Janpad Panchayat, (C) Zila Panchayat (Organization, functions and source of Income)

8. PARTY-SYSTEM

(1) Definition, Types and party systems (in short)
(2) Functions of Political parties and their importance in democracy.
(3) Legal sanctions against defection (Indian context)
(4) Merits and demerits of party system (in short)

9. FRANCHISE RIGHT TO VOTE AND ELECTORAL SYSTEM

(1) Right to vote and Universal Adult Franchise
(2) Electoral System Direct, Indirect and Secret voting Merits and Demerits
(3) Representative System (Single Transferable and List System)
(4) Indian Election Commission (Organisation, Procedures, functions and Powers)

10. PUBLIC OPINION

(1) Meaning and Definition
(2) Instruments of its formation
(3) Hindrances in forming Public Opinion
(4) Conditions necessary for the formation of healthy Public Opinion
Subject teachers are supposed to give some project work to students relating to the subject matter as an assignment to evaluate their skills developed during teaching and learning process.