Subject: Chemistry

There will be two papers in the subject.

Paper I: Theory - 3 hours ... 70 marks

Paper II: Practical - 3 hours ... 20 marks

Project Work : 7 marks

Practical File: 3 marks

PAPER I –THEORY – 70 Marks

There will be one paper of 3 hours duration divided into 2 parts.

Part I (20 marks) will consist of compulsory short answer questions, testing knowledge, application and skills relating to elementary/fundamental aspects of the entire syllabus.

Part II (50 marks) will be divided into 3 Sections, A, B and C. Candidates are required to answer two out of three questions from Section A (each carrying 10 marks), two out of three questions from Section B (each carrying 5 marks) and two out of three questions from Section C (each carrying 10 marks). Therefore, a total of six questions are to be answered in Part II.

SECTION A

1. Relative Molecular Mass and Mole

1. Normality, molality, molarity, mole fraction, as measures of concentration.
2. Raoult's law and colligative properties.
3. Nonvolatile, non electrolytic solute.
4. Dissociation- Electrolytic solute.
5. Association.
6. Relative molecular mass of non-volatile substances:

2. States of Matters: Structure and Properties

• Solid State

3. Chemical Kinetics

1. Meaning of Chemical Kinetics:
2. Rate of Reaction:
3. Law of Mass Action:
4. Effect of concentration of reactants on the rate of a reaction:
5. Order of a reaction:
6. The concept of energy:
7. Collision Theory:
8. Molecularity of the reaction:
9. Mechanism of the reaction:
10. Effect of temperature on the rate constant of a reaction:
11. Catalyst:

4. Chemical Equilibria

1. Reversible reactions and dynamic equilibrium. The concept of equilibrium constant in terms of concentration or partial pressure to indicate the composition of the equilibrium mixture. The following are the examples: the dissociation of dinitrogen tetroxide, hydrolysis of simple esters, the Contact Process for the manufacture of sulphuric acid, the synthesis of ammonia.
2. Le Chatelier’s Principle and its applications to chemical equilibria.

5. Ionic Equilibria

1. Ostwald’s dilution law and its derivation. Strength of acids and bases based on their dissociation constant.
2. Brönsted-Lowry and Lewis concept of acids and bases.
3. Ionic product of water, pH of solutions and pH indicators, problems.
4. Common ion effect.
5. Salt hydrolysis.
6. Buffer solutions.
7. Solubility product and its applications.

6. Electrochemistry

1. Faraday’s laws of Electrolysis, Coulometer.
2. Relation between Faraday, Avogadro’s number and charge on an electron. F = NAe should be given (no details of Millikan’s experiment are required).
3. Galvanic cells, mechanism of current production in a galvanic cell; and electrode potential, standard hydrogen electrode, electrochemical series, Nernst equation.
4. Electrolytic conductance: specific conductance. Measuring of molar and equivalent conductance; Kohlrausch's law.
5. Corrosion.
6. Batteries.

SECTION B

7. Coordination Compounds

Concept of complexes; definition of ligands; classification of ligands, coordination number, coordination sphere; IUPAC nomenclature of coordination compounds; isomerism; magnetic characteristics of coordination compounds on the basis of valence bond theory. Stability constant; uses of coordination compounds in different fields.

8. Chemistry of p-Block Elements: Group 16, 17, 18 - The following should be included:

(a) Occurrence, (b) Physical State, (c) Electronic configuration, (d) Atomic and ionic radii, (e)Common oxidation state, (f) Electronegative character, (g) Ionisation enthalpy, (h) Oxidising nature, (i) Nature of oxides, hydroxides, hydrides, carbonates, nitrates, chlorides, sulphates, wherever applicable.

9. Preparation/ Manufacture, Properties and Uses of Compounds of Groups 16, 17, – Ozone, Sulphur Dioxide, Sulphuric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid

10. Chemistry of Transition and Inner-Transition Elements: d-Block: 3d, 4d and 5d series f-Block: 4f and 5f series

SECTION C

11. Alcohols and Phenols

1. Classification, general formulae, structure and nomenclature.
2. Methods of preparation, manufacture, properties and uses.
3. Preparation, properties and uses of ethane-1,2 diol, propane-1,2,3 triol (outline - no details).
4. Conversion of one alcohol into another.
5. Distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.

12. Ethers, Carbonyl Compounds.

1. Ethers: general formula and structure. Nomenclature; preparation, properties and uses of ether (outline, no detail), with reference to diethyl ether.
2. Carbonyl compounds: methods of preparation, properties and uses of aldehydes and ketones.

13. Carboxylic acids and Acid Derivatives

(i) Carboxylic acids: classification, general formulae, structure and nomenclature: monocarboxylic acids, general methods of preparation, properties and uses of acids.

(ii) Acid derivatives: laboratory preparation, properties and uses of acetyl chloride, acetic anhydride, acetamide, ethylacetate; urea preparation (by Wohler's synthesis), properties and uses of urea, manufacture of urea from ammonia and by cyanamide process.

14. Cyanide, Isocyanide, Nitro compounds and Amines

15. Polymers

Polymerisation: the principle of addition and condensation polymerisation illustrated by reference to natural and synthetic polymers e.g. proteins, polyolefines and synthetic fibres; thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics, chemotrophs; reference should also be made to the effect of chain-length and cross-linking on physical properties of polymers.

16. Isomerism

Definition. Classification of isomerism

• Structural Isomerism.
• Stereo Isomerism.

17. Biomolecules – carbohydrates, proteins, enzymes, vitamins and nucleic acids.

Courtesy: cisce.org

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