(Download) NIOS Syllabus Of History Senior Secondary

Total Reading Time : 240 Hours

Max. Marks 100

Number of Papers          One

RATIONALE

History is the scientific study of human beings and the evolution of human society in point of time and in different ages. As such it occupies all important place in the school curriculum. It is, therefore, taught as a general subject forming a part of Social Science both at the Middle and the Secondary Stages. At the Middle Stage, entire Indian History is covered, while at the Secondary Stage, the land marks in the development of human society are taught.

At the Senior Secondary Stage, History becomes an elective subject. Its main thrust is to bridge the gap between the presence of change-oriented technologies of today and the continuity of our cultural tradition so as to ensure that the coming generation will represent the fine synthesis between change and continuity. It is, therefore, deemed essential to take up the entire Indian History from the Ancient to the Modem period for Senior Secondary Stage.

The rationale for taking up the teaching of History at this stage is :

1. to promote an understanding of the major stages in the evolution of Indian society through the ages.

2. to develop an understanding of the historical forces responsible for the evolution of Indian society in the Ancient, Medieval and Modem times.

3. to develop an appreciation of
(i) the diverse cultural and social systems of the people living indifferent parts of the country.
(ii) the richness, variety and composite nature of Indian culture.
(iii) the growth of various components of Indian culture, legitimate pride in the achievement of Indian people in. different parts of the country.
(iv) the process of change which evolved as a result of interaction with other cultures.

4. to identify the fissiparous trends which hampered the growth of the Indian nation in different periods.

5. to recognize that the Indian culture has not remained and developed in isolation, rather was a result of a synthesis of different cultures and to understand the contemporary process of change, continuity and development.

6. to remove from the minds of the younger generation prejudices and complexestransmitted from the biased interpretation of History, the social environment and the accident of birth.

7. to develop an appreciation of the contribution made by the people from all parts of the country in the making of the national heritage.

8. to foster proper understanding of the contemporary problems of India in historical perspective so as to develop an enlightened citizenship for active participation in the establishment of a just social order.

9. to inculcate scientific temper and objectivity to the study of India’s past in order to relate to the present.

The study of History at this stage is intended to initiate and introduce students to the ‘Elements of Historical Methodology’ as also how the historian thinks and works. For this, he should be acquainted with the various types of sources which form the basis of history and develop the competence to evaluate the reliability of the sources.

APPROACH

Keeping in view the implications of the National Policy on Education (May, 1986, PP. 3,4) providing access to education of a comparable quality for all students, irrespective of caste, creed, location or sex and the Programmes of Action (August, 1986, P. 144) emphasizing the immediate need for introducing the curricular change in the content of history essential to nurture national identity, protect, preserve and promote our common cultural heritage, the approach to the teaching-learning of History at the +2 Stage (Senior Secondary) will highlight the following:

1. The new focus will be on the socio-economic and cultural development of man in society. The political developments and dynastic treatment, which has been hitherto the main thrust in the teaching-learning process, will no longer be given undue emphasis.

2. The emphasis at this stage will be laid on the development of a composite culture and national integration by highlighting the contribution of the people from all parts of the country through the ages. The development of the components of composite culture has assumed different forms in different periods of Indian History. In Ancient and Medieval India, the cultural identity and unity formed the main basis whereas in Modern India, the political unification during the British rule constituted the main plank of the composite culture which was strengthened further with the integration of the Princely States with the India Union.

3. It is necessary to highlight the role, the suffering and sacrifice of the people in the struggle for freedom against the British rule irrespective of religion and region.

4. Other important areas include the removal of social evils and emancipation of women in modern India.

The study of History at this stage will not remain confined to the reading material alone. The whole process will be activity oriented with more emphasis on the self learning activities of the learners. To create further interest in the study of History frequent use will be made of audio-visual aids (T.V.-CCTV), maps, charts, time line, genealogical tables and the learner will be required to study historical geography of India and undertake field trips wherever feasible. The development of the entire process of learning History will take place with the close co-operation and active participation of the learner during the contact programmes.

Each module of the course (Unit and Sub-Unit) has been divided into two parts-the General Foundation Units and the Certification Units. The General Foundation Units provide a comprehensive view of Indian History in chronological sequence for proper understanding of the main events of Indian History in self-contained units. The Certification Units are to be studied in reasonable depth including interpretation critical thinIdng and balanced views for eItemal examination at the Senior Secondary level.

SYLLABUS IN OUTLINE

(Download) NIOS Syllabus Of Sociology Senior Secondary

Sociology

Rationale:

After studying up to the Secondary level, a student starts developing some understanding of the nature and character of the society he lives in.

Sociology explores all aspects of social relationships, and it helps to understand why human beings create the societies they inhibit and how they behave with other individuals and groups in which they live. Sociology is considered as another of all Social Sciences because it studies the economic, political, anthropological historical, geographical and psychological dimensions of society. Sociology, however, is primarily concerned with the diversity of human relations particularly along the lines of social class, race, ethnicity, gender and age etc.

Ignorance about society is the root cause of all social evils. The knowledge, obtained by scientific methods, about society can contribute to the development of a good society. August Comte, father of Sociology, has said that man would become the master of his social destiny as soon as he develops a science of society.

Change is continuous and permanent. The changes occurring today in the world make Sociology an extremely important subject to study. This course of Sociology will make students familiar with processes of change and development in general and with reference to Indian society in particular. The learner, as a student and citizen, needs to be exposed to the comprehension of the reality and the realization of the predicament.

Objectives

This course has the following objectives:

• To familiarize the learner with the basic concepts in Sociology.

• To make them familiar with various social institutions and social divisions in society.

• To make them familiar with the process of change and development in society in general and with reference to Indian society in particular.

• To familiarize them with different dimensions of Indian Society.

• To enable the learner to look at social realities objectively.

• Finally to inculcate among students ability to perceive social realities scientifically.

(Download) NIOS Syllabus Of Accountancy Senior Secondary

Accountancy

1. RATIONALE

Accountancy is an important language of business. Its knowledge has become indispensable for recording and analysing business transactions, interpreting the business results thereof and initiating future action.

The highlights of this course include:

a) the knowledge of principles and practices of financial accounting;
b) the preparation of financial statements of Trading and Non-Trading Organisations.
c) the detailed knowledge of Accounting Vouchers prepared by business concerns;
d) the promotion of knowledge about Savings A/c, Cash Book, Pass Book, etc.
e) the provision of elementary knowledge of Computers in Accounting (to be introduced later on)
The modules one to seven (Core Modules) have been considered essential for all learners to study. However, the learners are expected to opt for any one module out of two optional modules depending on his/her interests.

OBJECTIVES

This course aims at enabling the learners to:
develop skills of recording business transactions, maintaining accounts and interpreting the results thereof

• develop skills to prepare Accounting Vouchers to increase competence for employment.
• join higher stream of accounting education.
• join professional Courses in Accounting Stream.

DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

4. COURSE DESCROPTION:

The course has been divided into two parts: the CORE modules and some OPTIONAL modules. The core modules comprise four in member and impart knowledge and information, which is essential for all learners. These are compulsory for all students of the course. There are three optional modules out of which the students have to choose and study any one module.

CORE MODULES

4.1 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

This modules is designed to familiarize the reader with the concept of conservation of energy, to create a sense of maintaining ethics at work, to develop skills in money management, and to show how the available space and time can be effectively used to maximize output.

4.1.1 SCOPE OF HOME SCIENCE

• need
• scope
• employment opportunities

4.1.2 CONSUMER EDUCATION

•  Definition
•  Problems faced
•  Consumer Protection Act
•  Consumer redressal

4.1.3 WORK ETHICS

•  meaning and importance
•  competence and work ethics

4.1.4 INCOME MANAGEMENT

•  definition
•  recording income and expenditure
• supplementing income.

4.1.5 SAVINGS AND INVESTMENT

•  importance and methods of saving
•  agencies of investment
•  financing agencies

4.1.6 WORK ORGANISATION

• meaning and need
•  principles of work simplification
•  time and energy management

4.1.7 SPACE ORGANISATION

•  meaning and need
•  space of work simplification
•  space organization and aesthetics

4.1.8 ENERGY AND CONSERVATION

•  meaning and need
•  areas where energy can be conserved
•  at home and work place
•  non conventional sources of energy

4.1.9 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

•  environment degradation
•  effects on man
•  creating an eco-friendly environment

(Download) NIOS Syllabus Of Business Studies Senior Secondary

(Business Studies)

1. RATIONALE

The trend today in business is towards globalization. The entire world has become one big market. Development in transportation and communication has played a significant role in unifying varrious countries of the world. Business activities play a vital role in the development of a country. Its increasing contribution to production of goods and services measures the level of growth in an economy. Today goods are produced and sold in anticipation of demand. Business as an activity has become more complex and sensitive. It is also exposed to greater risks and uncertainties. Hence the activity requires a systematic learning and professional handling.

The current syllabus is designed to cater to the needs of National Open School students in various areas of business studies. It aims at creating an interest and understanding in the area of trade, and its auxiliaries, management, finance, and marketing and would enable the students to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills. The scope of business as a career is also highlighted.

The entire course content is divided into core and optional modules. Learning experiences considered essential for business studies are described in core modules, whereas practice oriented areas have been covered in optional modules.

The optional modules of the syllabus are based on vocational areas e.g. office procedures and practices, banking, setting up factories, and agency services. The modules would help the learners to enter the world of employment/self-employment by creating an interest in them for vocational activities.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE

GENERAL OBJECTIVES

1. The main objectives is to prepare the learners foractivities related to trade and commerce.
2. To enable the learners to acquire knowledge, understanding and skill in business and management.
3. To create an interest in trade and auxiliaries and various kinds of services.
4. To educate the learner about the role of business in the economy and its social obligation to the community.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

1. To acquaint the learner with the nature and scope of business and form of business organisation and its suitability.
2. To make them aware about the concept of tradeinternal and external and activities auxiliary to trade.
3. To develop in them awareness about managerial skills like planning organising, staffing, directing and controlling.
4. To make them understand the concept of business finance sources (long-term, short-term), financial institutions and their services.
5. To develop in them the understanding of marketing, channels of distribution, sales promotion, advertising and personal selling.
6. To make them aware about avenues of employment, career development and selfemployment, office procedure and practices, functions of commercial funds, factory set-up and agency services.

CORE MODULES

(Download) NIOS Syllabus Of Chemistry Senior Secondary

NATIONAL OPEN SCHOOL

Senior Secondary Curriculum in Chemistry

RATIONALE

According to present scheme of school education at Senior Secondary stage, chemistry emerges out as a separate discipline. It is this stage where major emphasis is to be laid on providing suitable conceptual foundation The present chemistry course has been developed basically around the themes: Why do chemical reactions occur? What is the quantitative relationship among reacting constituents in a chemical reaction? How far andhow fast will a chemical reaction proceed under a given set of conditions? Can we predict whether a chemical reaction willoccur or not? What is the relation between the structure of a chemical substance and its functions/properties? In What way is a chemical reaction relevant for getting new types of substances and materials for dialylife and chemical industries?

In the present course, there in no compartmentalisation like physical, inorganic and organic chemistry. However, basic chemical concept considered necessary in the study of descriptive chemistry (inorganic and organic) are provided in the beginning of the course and an effort has been made to provide a disciplinary structure to chemistry and, therefore, a logical sequencing of concepts in provided. Applications of chemistry in daily life have been interwoven with the conceptual themes in such a way that learners can appreciate the importance of the study of chemistry relevant to daily life and in the economic development of the country. Some interdisciplinary aspects have also been provided to make the course more meaningful and cunctional.

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE

It is expected that a learner will be able to:

•  understand the principles, theories and laws of chemistry responsible for various chemical processes/ reactions,
•  realise the role of chemistry in production of many elements (metals/non-metals) and compounds useful in industries and daily life,
•  appreciate the chemical nature of inorganic and organic substances around him/her,
•  choose various vocational, professional and applied courses of his/her choice based on knowledge of chemistry gained.

Apart from this, the present course also aims at developing the following capacity in the learner:

• perform chemical calculations to know about the chemical reactions and chemical compounds,
• explain chemical reactions, concepts and phenomenon,  develop awareness about uses and abuses of chemical substances,
• develop skills arranging/setting aparatus, handling apparatus and chemicals properly, and
• analyse and synthesise simple compounds.

SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE COURSE

The academic standard of the present chemistry course in comparable with the chemistry course of any State Education Board or Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi. Considering the nature of open learning system, it has not been found desirable to divide the course into class XI and class XII. The rationale behind the course is that every lesson has a role to play in understanding the holistic view of chemistry.

The course also provides optional modules ‘mostly of applied nature’ out of which a student can choose one module according to his/her choice of career. Thus, there are seven core modules and two optional modules. A student appearing for senior secondary examination is expected to offer all the seven core modules, one Module out of two optional modules, and practicals. All the core and optional modules are listed below:

CORE MODULES
S.No.	Module	Marks  Alloted	Study Hours GENERAL:  Downloads Syllabus Subjects:  Chemistry Read more about (Download) NIOS Syllabus Of Chemistry Senior Secondary National Kala Utsav - 2015 National Kala Utsav - 2015 About Kala Utsav Kala Utsav is an initiative of Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) to promote arts in education by nurturing and showcasing the artistic talent of school students at the secondary stage in the country. As an effort to mainstream students with special needs (differently-abled and from diverse socio-economic backgrounds) and celebrating their abilities, Kala Utsav is envisaged as a fully integrated platform. It would provide an opportunity and favourable environment to nurture and showcase their talents and help in making learning more concrete, creative and joyful. Kala Utsav will be a pioneering celebration of art forms in the school system and shall continue as an ongoing programme. The district/ state/national-level utsav is structured as an art festival which will include performances and display of exhibits along with their online art projects (e-project). The design of Kala Utsav will help students explore, understand and showcase living art traditions. Through Kala Utsav, students will get the opportunity to understand and celebrate cultural diversity at school, district, state and national levels. The Kala Utsav will not only spread awareness among students, but also create awareness of India’s cultural heritage and its vibrant diversity amongst other stakeholders. Further, this will help to promote the networking of artists, artisans and institutions with schools. Kala Utsav—the Legacy Kala Utsav will enhance the life-skills of the participants and prepare them as carriers of culture. Children are the seeds of the future and therefore our schools will become the laboratory of tomorrow’s India. Kala Utsav will help in identifying and understanding our diverse tangible and intangible cultural expressions. Kala Utsav is not a onetime activity but the beginning of a complete process of identifying exploring, understanding, practising, evolving and showcasing the artistic experience. Once part of the process, the participants will not just perform pieces from their living traditions only, rather they will live that cultural experience while documenting 'online art project' as part of their Kala Utsav entry. The online art project (e-project) involves research on the selected topic and documentation of its different aspects. These e-projects will emerge as an empirical data-base on  cultural mapping of the country. The database can further help us create a repository of artistic and cultural resources and the legacy continues. GENERAL:  INFO Event Read more about National Kala Utsav - 2015 (Download) NIOS Syllabus Of Physics Senior Secondary (Download) NIOS Syllabus Of Physics Senior Secondary Physics (312) RATIONAL Physical is a fundamental science because it deals with such basic feature of the world as time, space, motion matte, electricity, light and radiations. Every event that occurs in the natural world has some feature that can be viewed in these terms. Study of Physics need not necessarily be taken as means of becoming a physicist; it is a means of rationally understanding nature. Physics lies behind all technological advancement such as computer, internet, lunching of rockets and satellites, radios and TV communications, lasers, etc. It also finds applications in such simple activities of men as lifting a heavy weight or making a long jump. Physics is thus an all-pervading science and its study helps us in finding answers to questions like why and how? In order to bring out various aspects of Physics as a fundamental science the content of the present syllabus has been so chosen as to relate with the study of natural physical phenomenon. The underlying physical laws and principles of such phenomena and their effects on daily life have been reflected in the syllabus. Themes like motion, properties of matter, energies like heat, light and electricity and electronics with would be of interest  to all and specially to those who are interested in pursuing Physics as a career have been selected to from our content. The syllabus also includes such emerging areas as electronics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, medical physics and photography, which find immense applications in daily life. Though mathematics is basic to the understanding of most of the problems of physics, in the present course stress has been given to avoid rigour or mathematics like integration and differentiation. The focus has been to teach concepts of physics rather than mathematics calculation. This course attempts. acquire knowledge and develop understanding of concepts, fundamental laws, principles and processes in the area of physics so that relationship between cause and effects of physical phenomenon can be understood; appreciate the contributions of physics towards improving quality of lice; promote interest in physics and foster a spirit of enquiry; and improve competencies of individuals in work skills required in their procession. As a part of this process, the course also aims at developing the following abilities in the learner:  experimental skills (like taking observations, manipulation of equipment) and communicative skills such as reporting of observations and experimental result;  problems solving ability e.g. analyzing a situation or data, establishing relationship between cause and effects:  scientific temper of mind by making judgment on verified facts and not opinions, by showing willingness to accept new ideas and discoveries: and  awareness of the dangers inherent in the possible misuse of scientific knowledge. Structure of the Syllabus The syllabus in physics includes two parts-core modules and optional modules. The core modules comprises of the essential concepts and phenomenon of physics, which a student at this level should know. It has eight core modules, which contain predominantly the subject matter of mechanics, electricity, light and other areas of physics representing the minimum knowledge required to progress into the more advanced areas and to develop appreciation for the fact that physics plays a significant role in most situations. The optional modules are on the specific fields and have four modules one each on Astrophysics, Electronics, Photography and Audio-Videography and Medical physics. In the optional modules there is a choice to opt any one of the given four modules. (A) CORE MODULES Modules Marks Min. Study Time 1. Motion, force and Energy 14 45 2. Properties of Matter 08 25 3. Heat and Thermodynamics 06 20 4. Electricity and Magnetism 14 45 5. Oscillations and Waves 06 20 6. Optics and Optical Instruments 08 25 7. Atoms and Nuclei 07 25 8. Semiconductors and their Applications 07 20 Total 70 225 hours (B) OPTIONAL MODULES (One Module – 10 Marks Each and 30 hrs.) Modules Marks Min. Study Time 1. Astrophysics 10 30 2. Electronics 10 30 3. Photography and Audio-Videography 10 30 4. Physics in Medical Sciences 10 30 The details of Curriculum is given below: CORE MODULES MODULE 1: MOTION, FORCE AND ENERGY Unit 1: Dimensional Analysis and Vectors (i) Units (ii) Dimensions (iii) Dimensional formula (iv) Application of dimensional equations (v) Vectors and their representation (graphically) (vi) Resolution of vectors in to rectangular components (two dimensions) (vii) Addition and subtraction of vectors Unit 2: Motion in a Straight Line (i) Distance and displacement, (ii) Speed and Velocity with special reference to average and relative velocity (iii) Instantaneous velocity (iv) Uniform motion with examples. (v) Non-uniform motion (constant acceleration) with examples. (vi) Graphical representation of motion in two dimensions (including that of constant acceleration) (vii) Equations of Motion with numerical problems. Unit 3: Newton’s Laws of Motion (i) Concept of force and inertia (ii) First law of motion with examples (iii) Second law of motion with concept of momentum and force. (iv) Third law of motion with examples. (v) Free body diagram. (vi) Conservation of linear momentum (vii) Friction and lubrication Unit 4: Motion in a Plane (i) Projectile motion (equation, time of fight, rang, and maximum height) (ii) Uniform circular motion (radial and tangential acceleration) (iii) Centripetal acceleration (iv) Application of circular motion (v) Uniformly rotating frame of reference and non-inertial force (centrifugal force) (vi) Relation between velocity and angular velocity Unit 5: Gravitational motion GENERAL:  Downloads Syllabus Subjects:  Physics Read more about (Download) NIOS Syllabus Of Physics Senior Secondary Pages « first ‹ previous … 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 … next › last » NEW!  CBSE Board E-BOOKS PDF  NEW! NCERT BOOKS CLASS-6 to Class-12 PDF Download NEW! Download OLD NCERT Books PDF NEW! Tamil Nadu Board Textbooks PDF Download Whats Hot! (Download) CBSE Board Exam Model Papers... (Download) CBSE Text Books - FREE PDF Download Free e-Books for CBSE Students CBSE PSA (Problem Solving Assessment... NCERT: National Council of Educational... CBSE Downloads: Projects, Guess Papers... CBSE Board Toppers Class-10 Model... NEW! DOWNLOADS CBSE Class-X Sample Papers CBSE Class-XII Sample Papers FREE E-BOOKS  Home | CBSE-X | CBSE-XII | Papers | E-Books | Disclaimer: This website is not associated with CBSE, For official website of CBSE visit - www.cbse.gov.in Downloads | Contact Us | Privacy Policy © 2025 - CBSEPORTAL.COM - India's First Online Community Website For CBSE Students. CBSE X, CBSE XII, AIEEE, AIPMT - Papers, Mock Exams, Books, Results and More...