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Painting Competition on Energy Conservation 2017

Painting Competition on Energy Conservation 2017

The Ministry of Power in association  with  Bureau  of Energy Efficiency (BEE) is undertaking the National Awareness Campaign  2017 to  inculcate in children the habit of  energy conservation and to sensitize them towards the issues of energy conservation. One of the main ctivities of the campaign is a Painting Competition for school students.

 The competition is being held in three stages namely, School, State and National Levels.  Eligibility: Students of 4th, 5th and 6th standard under Group ‘A’ and students of 7th, 8th and 9th standard under Group ‘B’ are eligible to participate in the competition.

SCHOOL LEVEL COMPETITION

1. The schools are requested to organize a Painting Competition of 2 hours duration in the  school for students of 4th, 5th  and 6th  standard under Group ‘A’ and for students  of  7th,  8th   and  9th standard  under  Group  ‘B’  on  any  working  day. Students   can   select   any  one   of  the following   topics   for   the   Painting Competition: 

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​CBSE 2017-18 Syllabus Class-11 : Mathematics

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CBSE Class-11 Syllabus 2017-18

Subject: Mathematics

The Syllabus in the subject of Mathematics has undergone changes from time to time in accordance with growth of the subject and emerging needs of the society. Senior Secondary stage is a launching stage from where the students go either for higher academic education in Mathematics or for professional courses like Engineering, Physical and Bioscience, Commerce or Computer Applications. The present revised syllabus has been designed in accordance with National Curriculum Framework 2005 and as per guidelines given in Focus Group on Teaching of Mathematics 2005 which is to meet the emerging needs of all categories of students. Motivating the topics from real life situations and other subject areas, greater emphasis has been laid on
application of various concepts.
 
Objectives
  • The broad objectives of teaching Mathematics at senior school stage intend to help the students:
  • to acquire knowledge and critical understanding, particularly by way of motivation and visualization, of basic concepts, terms, principles, symbols and mastery of underlying processes and skills.
  • to feel the flow of reasons while proving a result or solving a problem.
  • to apply the knowledge and skills acquired to solve problems and wherever possible, by more than one method.
  • to develop positive attitude to think, analyze and articulate logically.
  • to develop interest in the subject by participating in related competitions.
  • to acquaint students with different aspects of Mathematics used in daily life.
  • to develop an interest in students to study Mathematics as a discipline.
  • to develop awareness of the need for national integration, protection of environment, observance of small family norms, removal of social barriers, elimination of gender biases.
  • to develop reverence and respect towards great Mathematicians for their contributions to the field of Mathematics.
 
 

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​CBSE 2017-18 Syllabus Class-11 : Mass Media Studies

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CBSE Class-11 Syllabus 2017-18

 

Subject: Mass Media Studies

Rationale
 
In the last two decades changes of phenomenal proportion have occurred in the field of Mass Media Studies. Mass Media has taken a quantum leap forward in terms of scale content and convergence. The media experience is an important part of globalization and civil society. The media has become an indispensable part of life at the national and local level. It has become an important factor in shaping young minds.
 
Objectives
  • Introduction to the comprehensive understanding of the five principles of Mass Media viz, Film, TV, Print, Radio and New Media
  • Introduction to the evolution of Mass Media
  • To understand how the content and presentation of mass media shapes our thoughts, vision, ethics and action
  • Analysis of the ways in which content is created in media
  • To understand creative and technical processes involved in newsprint, radio, television production, filmmaking and the internet
  • Introduction to the organization of media and entertainment industries - the financial and commercial aspects.
  • To delineate the roles and responsibilities of creative, technical and administrative people in media
  • To familiarize with the career options in media and entertainment industry
  • To analyze the vital importance of mass media in the functioning of a secular, liberal, democracy like India
  • To understand the convergence of mass media as the futuristic trend opening up more and more exciting career and creative opportunities
 
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​CBSE 2017-18 Syllabus Class-11 : Physical Education

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CBSE Class-11 Syllabus 2017-18

 

Subject: Physical Education

Theory Max. Marks 70
Unit-I : Changing Trends & Career In Physical Education
  • Meaning & definition of Physical Education
  • Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
  • Changing trends in Physical Education
  • Various Physical Education Courses available in India
  • Career Options in Physical Education
  • Soft skills required for different careers
Unit-II : Olympic Movement
  • Ancient & Modern Olympics (Summer & Winter)
  • Olympic Symbols, Ideals, Objectives & Values
  • International Olympic Committee
  • Indian Olympic Association
  • Dronacharya Award, Arjuna Award & Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award
  • Organisational set-up of CBSE Sports & Chacha Nehru Sports Award
Unit-III : Physical Fitness, Wellness & Lifestyle
  • Meaning & Importance Of Physical Fitness, Wellness & Lifestyle
  • Components of physical fitness
  • Components of Health related fitness
  • Components of wellness
  • Preventing Health Threats Through Lifestyle Change
  • Concept of Positive Lifestyle
Unit-IV : Physical Education & Sports for Differently Abled
  • Aims & objectives of Adaptive Physical Education
  • Organization promoting Adaptive Sports (Special Olympics Bharat; Paralympics; Deaflympics)
  • Concept and need of Integrated Physical Education
  • Concept of Inclusion, its need and Implementation
  • Role of various professionals for children with special needs (Counsellor, Occupational Therapist,
  • Physiotherapist, Physical Education Teacher, Speech Therapist & special Educator)
Unit-V : Yoga
  • Meaning & Importance of Yoga
  • Elements of Yoga
 

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​CBSE 2017-18 Syllabus Class-11 : National Cadet Corps

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CBSE Class-11 Syllabus 2017-18

 

Subject: National Cadet Corps

1. The training curriculum of the NCC is primarily focused towards character building, inculcating leadership qualities and skill enhancement through structured academic syllabi, practical training and opportunity of exposure/interaction beyond a cadet’s immediate environment and thereby enabling
them for a brighter and progressive future.
 
2. The Aim of NCC is as listed below:
(a) To develop character, comradeship, discipline, secular outlook, spirit of adventure and the ideals of selfless service amongst the youth of the country.
(b) To create a human resource of organized, trained and motivated youth, to provide leadership in all walks of life and always available for the service of the nation.
(c) To provide a suitable environment to motivate the youth to take up a career in the Armed Forces.
 
3. Conduct of Training: The NCC training curriculum is conducted as under:
(a) Institutional Training. Conducted in respective schools/ colleges by Associate NCC Officers (ANO), Permanent Instructional (PI) staff as part of the school curriculum.
(b) Annual Training Camps (ATC). To provide practical outdoor training, each NCC cadet attends 10 days camp in the second year of junior and senior division. These camps are conducted by respective NCC units.
(c) Centrally Organized Camps (COC). These camps are conducted at all India level, as National Integration Camps, attended by cadets from all states.
(d) Adventure Training. To inculcate a spirit of adventure and team work, NCC cadets undergo various adventure activities such as para jumps, para sailing, trekking, mountaineering and sailing expeditions.
(e) Attachment Camps. To give the cadets exposure to interact with Regular Army, Navy and Air Force units, attachment camps are conducted, where cadets are attached with these units. To motivate cadets to join the Armed Forces attachment of cadets with Indian Military Academy is also
conducted.
(f) Youth Exchange Programme (YEP). Selected cadets also get an opportunity to visit various foreign countries as part of YEP. In one year approximately100 cadets visit 10 -11 countries.
(g) Social Service Activities. The cadets also undertake various social service activities, by conduct of rallies to bring awareness and participate in various relief programmes/activities whenever called for.
 
4. Trainers – To conduct and implement the NCC training curriculum, there are three tiers of trainers.
(a) First Tier: It comprises of regular defence officers of the rank of Colour equitant rank in Air Force and Navy, Whole Time Lady Officers (WTLO) and Civilian Gliding Instructors (CGI).They are responsible for coordination and supervision of training and conduct of camps.
(b) Second Tier: Professors and teachers nominated by respective schools and colleges and trained by NCC at its NCC Officers Training Academy and on completion of Pre–Commission Course, commissioned as Associated NCC Officer (ANO) form the most important link between the cadets
 

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​CBSE 2017-18 Syllabus Class-11 :Physics

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CBSE Class-11 Syllabus 2017-18

 

Subject: Physics

Senior Secondary stage of school education is a stage of transition from general education to discipline-based focus on curriculum. The present updated syllabus keeps in view the rigour and depth of disciplinary approach as well as the comprehension level of learners. Due care has also been taken that the syllabus is comparable to the international standards. Salient features of the syllabus include:
  • Emphasis on basic conceptual understanding of the content.
  • Emphasis on use of SI units, symbols, nomenclature of physical quantities and formulations as per international standards.
  • Providing logical sequencing of units of the subject matter and proper placement of concepts with their linkage for better learning.
  • Reducing the curriculum load by eliminating overlapping of concepts/content within the discipline and other disciplines.
  • Promotion of process-skills, problem-solving abilities and applications of Physics concepts. Besides, the syllabus also attempts to
  • strengthen the concepts developed at the secondary stage to provide firm foundation for further learning in the subject.
  • expose the learners to different processes used in Physics-related industrial and technological applications.
  • develop process-skills and experimental, observational, manipulative, decision making and investigatory skills in the learners.
  • promote problem solving abilities and creative thinking in learners.
  • develop conceptual competence in the learners and make them realize and appreciate the interface of Physics with other disciplines.
 

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(Notification) National Talent Search Examination 2017-2018

(Notification) National Talent Search Examination (NTSE) 2017-18

THE NATIONAL TALENT SEARCH EXAMINATION for the students studying abroad in Class X is meant to identify and nurture talent. The examination is conducted every year at two levels: Stage-I (State Level) and Stage-II (National Level), however, the students studying abroad are exempted for State Level Stage-I of NTS examinations as per NTS Scheme.

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​CBSE 2017-18 Syllabus Class-11 : Political Science

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CBSE Class-11 Syllabus 2017-18

 

Subject: Political Science

Rationale
 
At the senior secondary level students who opt Political Science are given an opportunity to get introduced to the diverse concerns of a Political Scientist. At this level there is a need to enable students to engage with political processes that surround them and provide them with an understanding of the historical context that has shaped the present. The different courses introduce the students to the various streams of the discipline of Political Science: Political Theory, Indian Politics and International Politics. Concerns of the other two streams - Comparative Politics and Public Administration- are accommodated at different placesin these courses. In introducing these streams, special care has been taken not to burden the students with the current jargon of the discipline. The basic idea here is to lay the foundations for a serious engagement with the discipline at the under graduation stage.
 
Objectives:
Indian Constitution at Work
  • Enable students to understand the historical processes and the circumstances in which the Constitution  was drafted.
  • Provide opportunity for students to become familiar with the diverse visions that guided the makers of the Indian Constitution.
  • Enable students to identify certain key features of the Constitution and compare these to other constitutions in the world.
  • Analyse the ways in which the provisions of the Constitution have worked in real political life. Political Theory
  • Develop the skills for logical reasoning and abstraction.
  • Inculcate attention to and respect for viewpoints other than one's own.
  • Introduce students to the different political thinkers in relation to a concept and in everyday social life.
  • Enable students to meaningfully participate in and develop internal concerns of the political life that surrounds them.
  • Encourage the students to analyse any unexamined prejudices that one may have inherited. Contemporary World Politics
  • Enable the students to expand their horizons beyond India and make sense of the political map of contemporary world.
  • Familiarise the students with some of the key political events and processes in the post cold war era.
  • Equip students to be conscious of the way in which global events and processes shape our everyday lives.
  • Strengthen their capacity for political analysis by thinking of contemporary developments in a historical perspective. Politics in India after Independence
  • Enable students to become familiar with some of the key political events and figures in the postindependence period.
  • Develop skills of political analysis through an understanding of events and processes of recent history.
  • Develop their capacity to link macro processes with micro situations and their own life.
  • Encourage the students to take a historical perspective of making sense of contemporary India.

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(Notification) CBSE Science Exhibition : 2017-18

(Notification) CBSE Science Exhibition : 2017-18

Introduction

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has been taking many initiatives to provide interactive, participatory, hands-on, innovative and  creative learning experiences to students studying in its affiliated schools. One such initiative  is the organization of  Science Exhibition at Regional and National levels every year. The activity aims at providing a common platform to schools, teachers and students to give shape to their innovative ideas and learn from each other’s experiences. The exhibitions also  provide a medium for popularizing Science and  increasing awareness  among stakeholders about the close relationship between Science, Technology and Society.

The Science exhibition for the academic 2017-18 is likely to be organized in different parts of the country at REGIONAL LEVEL in the month of November/ December in 2017. The NATIONAL LEVEL will be conducted after the completion of the Regional Level and dates for the same will be notified later.

Theme and sub – themes for the Science Exhibition for 2017 - 18

THEME

SUB-THEMES

Innovations for sustainable development

1.  Health and well–being

2.  Resource management and food security

3.  Waste management and water body conservation

4.  Transport and Communication

5.  Digital and Technological solutions

6.  Mathematical modeling

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​CBSE 2017-18 Syllabus Class-11 : Theatre Studies

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CBSE Class-11 Syllabus 2017-18

Subject: Theatre Studies

Practical Examination for class XI
Students opting for theatre in class XI will have to appear for a practical evaluation for 30 Marks. They will
be evaluated on the basis following aspects:
Term I
a) A Nukkad Natak or a play, selected and presented by the students on any one of the following topics:
  • Say no to drugs - Anti-tobacco
  • Eye / Blood donation - Save Earth
  • Child Labour -  Road Safety
  • Female Foeticide - Save Water
  • Child Abuse -  Go Green / Save Environment
The students could also adapt and reframe an existing text that deals with children's lives like 'The Red Elephant', 'Rani aur Pintu', Kitabon mein Hulchul', 'Deewar', 'Hellow to Myself', 'Sab kuch Chakachak' (Productions of T.I.E. Company of N.S.D.) or any such play that stimulates new ideas. The students should make a report and elaborate on the topic chosen for the play and the reason for selecting a particular theme/topic, research about the issue, language of the play, message, music and rhythm, the process of writing the script of the play, features of the social issue that are raised or highlighted in the play, street elements, how the play was conceived, interpreted and presented. Most importantly it should be designed for four sided audience and it must be interactive. Mention the number of shows held, the reaction of the audience, evidences. There should not be more than 10 students. If there are more than 10 students then more groups can be made and the topics should be different for each group.
 
b) A journal, written by the student on the assignment taken up by him/her in the play or Nukkad Natak. The students, in their journal, should clearly mention their roles in the play/ Nukkad Natak. The roles
could be of an actor, dress designer, script writer, director, production manager, props handler etc.
 
 

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​CBSE 2017-18 Syllabus Class-9 : Commerce

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CBSE Class-9 Syllabus 2017-18

 

Subject: Commerce

 

(I) ELEMENTS OF BUSINESS (CODE NO. 154) (2017-18)

Objective:The objective of this paper is to provide elementary knowledge of the different aspects of business.

CLASS-IX

One Paper                       3 Hours                 100 Marks                         220 Periods

Unit

 

Marks

Periods

I

Introduction to Business

10

20

II

Trade and Auxiliaries to Trade

20

40

III

Forms of Business Organisations

25

40

IV

Transport

15

40

V

Banking

15

40

VI

Saving and Investment

15

40

 

Total

100

220

 

Contents

Learning Outcomes

I

Introduction to Business

(a) Human activities

Meaning and Types : Economic and

Non-economic activities

(b) Business activities :

Meaning and Types : Industry and

Commerce

Business-meaning and features,

E-business-Meaning, benefits and

application

(c) Not for profit organisations -

meaning

The learner would be able to :

● Understand te meaning of human ac- tivities

● Differentiate between economic and

non-economic activities

● Understand the meaning of business

activities

● Explain the different types of business

activities

● Give the meaning of industry and com- merce

● Explain the concept of business

● Understand the meaning of e-business

● Appreciate the importance of e-busi- ness

● Give the meaning of not for profit or- ganizations

● Differentiate between profit-making and not for profit organizations

 

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​CBSE 2017-18 Syllabus Class-9 : English - Communicative

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CBSE Class-9 Syllabus 2017-18

 

Subject: English - Communicative

This is a two-year syllabus for classes IX and X. The CBSE has prepared a package for this
syllabus called Interact in English. It includes the following:
1. Main Course Book
2. Literature Reader
3. Work Book
4. Extended Reading Texts
Interact in English has been designed to develop the student’s communicative competence in English. Therefore, content selection is determined by the student’s present and future academic, social and professional needs. The overall aims of the course are:
(a) to enable the learner to communicate effectively and appropriately in real-life situations;
(b) to use English effectively for study purposes across the curriculum;
(c) to develop and integrate the use of the four language skills, i.e., listening, speaking, reading and writing;
(d) to develop interest in and appreciation of literature;
(e) to revise and reinforce structures already learnt.
Teachers may kindly keep the following in mind to develop these competencies:
Creativity: Students should be encouraged to think on their own and express their ideas using their experience, knowledge and imagination, rather than being text or teacher dependent. Self-monitoring: Students should be encouraged to monitor their progress, space out their learning, so they should be encouraged to see language not just as a functional tool, but as an important part of personal development and inculcation of values. Teaching/Testing
 
Objectives
READING
By the end of the course, students should be able to:
1. read silently at varying speeds depending on the purpose of reading;
2. adopt different strategies for different types of text, both literary and nonliterary;
3. recognise the organization of a text;
 

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CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 : Foreign Scheme Question Paper, Accountancy

CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 : Foreign Scheme

Question Paper, Accountancy

CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 :   Accountancy

PART A
(Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies)
1. State the two situations in which interest on partners’ capital is generally provided.
2. Reena and Raman are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 4 : 3. They admitted Roma as a new partner. The new profit sharing ratio between Reena, Raman and Roma was 3 : 2 : 2. Raman surrendered 3 1 rd of his share in favour of Roma. Calculate Reena’s sacrifice.
3. Suman and Sudha were partners in a firm sharing profits equally. Their fixed capitals were < 50,000 and < 25,000 respectively. The partnership
deed provided interest on capital at the rate of 12% per annum. For the year ended 31st March, 2016, the profits of the firm were distributed
without providing interest on capital. Pass necessary adjustment entry to rectify the error.
4. Y Ltd. invited applications for issuing 2000, 9% debentures of < 100 each at a discount of 10%. The whole amount was payable at the time of
application. Applications for 2400 debentures were received and pro-rata allotment was made to all the applicants. Pass necessary journal entries for the issue of debentures.
5. Z Ltd. forfeited 1000 equity shares of < 10 each for the non-payment of the final call of < 2 per share. Calculate the maximum amount of discount at which these shares can be reissued.
 
6. List the categories of individuals other than the minors who cannot become the members of a partnership firm.
 
7. Raj Motors Ltd. converted its 400, 12% debentures of < 100 each issued at a discount of 6% into equity shares of < 10 each issued at a premium
of 25%. Discount on issue of 12% debentures had not yet been written off. Showing your working notes clearly, pass necessary journal entries for
the above transactions in the books of Raj Motors Ltd.
 
8. P, Q, R and S were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 1 : 1. On 1st January, 2017, S retired from the firm. On S’s retirement the goodwill of the firm was valued at < 4,20,000. The new profit sharing ratio between P, Q and R will be 4 : 3 : 3. Showing your working notes clearly, pass necessary journal entry for the treatment of goodwill in the books of the firm on S’s retirement.
 
9. C India Ltd. purchased machinery from B India Ltd. Payment to B India Ltd. was made as follows :
(i) By issuing 10,000 equity shares of < 10 each at a premium of 20%.
(ii) By issuing 1000, 9% debentures of < 100 each at a discount of 5%.
(iii) Balance by giving a bank draft of < 37,000.
Pass necessary journal entries in the books of C India Ltd. for the purchase of machinery and payment to B India Ltd.

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CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 : Foreign Scheme Question Paper, Business Studies

CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 : Foreign Scheme

Question Paper, Business Studies

CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 :   Business Studies

1. Define ‘Directing’ as a function of management.
 
2. Differentiate between formal and informal organisation on the basis of ‘authority’.
 
3. Why is ‘Trade Test’ conducted in the process of selection ?
 
4. Vegatech Enterprises was a company manufacturing refrigerators. The company had a functional structure with four main functions 
Production, Marketing, Finance and Human Resource. As the demand for the products grew, the company decided to hire more employees. Identify the concept which will help the Human Resource Manager in identifying the types of human resources necessary for the performance of various jobs and accomplishment of organisational objectives.
 
5. Whirlwind Enterprises was a renowned name for manufacturing quality washing machines since 1965. When the profit of the last year declined, Mr. Ahmed, the owner of Whirlwind Enterprises, asked the General Manager to prepare a profitability report of the company including Gross Profit Ratio, Net Profit Ratio, etc. besides using other techniques to assess the company’s performance. Identify the step taken by Mr. Ahmed which is related to one of the
functions of management. 
 
6. What is meant by ‘Trading on Equity’ ?
 
7. Varunica Ltd., a reputed truck manufacturing company, needs rupees twenty crores as additional capital to expand its business. Mr. Alind Jindal, the CEO of the company, wants to raise funds through equity. The Finance Manager, Mr. Nikhil Sachdeva, suggests that the existing shareholders be offered the privilege to subscribe to new issue of shares as per the terms and conditions of the company which was agreed by Mr. Alind Jindal.
Name the method through which the company decided to raise additional capital.
 
8. Vanshika uses ‘Kuber Cabs’ for travelling in the city. She received a text message ‘‘Add < 222 on Kaytm and get 20% cash back on having
minimum ten trips till 15th April, 2017’’. Identify the technique of sales promotion used by the company.
 
9. Explain briefly ‘Remuneration of Employees’ and ‘Scalar Chain’ as general principles of management.
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CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 : Foreign Scheme Question Paper, History

CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 : Foreign Scheme

Question Paper, History

CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 :   History

PART A
 
Answer all the following questions :
1. Explain why the ideal of patriliny was important among the elite families from c. 600 BCE to 600 CE.
 
2. Examine how Mirabai defied the norms of caste system.
 
3. What was the impact of American Civil War on the export of cotton to Britain ?
 
PART B
SECTION I
 
Answer any five of the following questions :
4. ‘‘Magadha became the most powerful Mahajanapada between sixth and fourth centuries BCE.’’ Substantiate the statement.
 
5.‘‘The Mahabharata is a dynamic text.’’ Explain.
 
6. Explain how the history of the city and the empire of Vijayanagara was reconstructed.
 
7. Examine the complex institution of the Imperial Household of the Mughal empire.
 
8. Explain the causes for Santhal rebellion against money lenders, zamindars and the Colonial State.
 
9.‘‘The initiatives in Champaran, Kheda and Ahmedabad marked Gandhiji out as a nationalist leader with deep sympathies for the poor.’’ Examine
the statement.
 
SECTION II
Value Based Question (Compulsory)
 
10.‘‘The leaders of the revolt were the heroes leading the country into battle, rousing the people to righteous indignation against oppressive imperial
rule. Heroic poems were written about the valour of the Rani of Jhansi, who, with a sword in one hand and the reins of her horse in the other, fought for the freedom of her motherland. Rani of Jhansi was represented as a masculine figure chasing the enemy, slaying British soldiers and valiantly fighting till her last.’’ Read the above passage and highlight the values upheld by the Rani of Jhansi.

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CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 : Foreign Scheme Question Paper, Economics

CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 : Foreign Scheme

Question Paper, Economics

CBSE Class-12 Exam 2017 :   Economics

SECTION A
1.In which form of market, is the demand of a firm perfectly elastic ?
 
2. There are only a few sellers under
(a) Perfect competition
(b) Monopolistic competition
(c) Monopoly
(d) Oligopoly
 
3. State the law of demand.
 
4. When marginal utility is zero, total utility is
(a) zero
(b) minimum
(c) maximum
(d) negative
 
5. The expenditure on a good would change in the opposite direction as the price changes only when demand is
(a) elastic
(b) inelastic
(c) perfectly inelastic
(d) unitary elastic
 
6. Explain the meaning of opportunity cost with the help of an example.
 
7. Why is a Production Possibility Curve concave to the origin ? Explain.
OR
Why does an economic problem arise ? Explain.
 
8. Give any three factors that can cause a rightward shift of demand curve.
 
9. Explain the meaning of marginal rate of substitution. Why does it diminish as one good is substituted for the other ? Explain.
OR
Explain the meaning of budget line. What can cause a change in it ? Explain.
 
10.State the different phases in the behaviour of total product in the law of variable proportions. Also, show the same in a diagram.

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